Highlights from this issue
==========================

* Keith Barton
* James Chodosh
* Jost Jonas

*   Anatomy

**Wong *et al* (*[page 1](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304436)***)

A retrospective review of 73 patients who were exenterated for orbital malignancy betewen 1998 and 2010 reporting a 5-year survival of 64%. Histological diagnosis influences statistical significance on life expectancy, whereas surgical margins do not. Overall prognosis for patients remains poor.

**Snyder *et al* (*[page 5](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304437)***)

Temporal iris stromal atrophy can occur from iris prolapse during phaco, especially in floppy iris. Imbricating iris stromal oversewing of the anterior stroma can reduce or eliminate glare from focal transillumination.

**Findl *et al* (*[page 7](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304731)***)

A novel concept of intra-operative optical coherence tomography measurements of the aphakic eye results in a significantly improved refractive outcome compared to pre-operative measurements.

**Luithardt *et al* (*[page 11](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304535)***)

A study to validate the EyeSuite version of the German Adaptive Threshold Estimation (GATE), a new thresholding algorithm for automated static perimetry reporting good-to-acceptable agreement between GATEp and GATEe.

**Richman *et al* (*[page 16](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305223)***)

Prospective cross-sectional study of patients with glaucoma and controls to detmine the ability of a novel, internet-based contrast sensitivity test to identify patients with glaucoma and to determine the test-retest variability.

**Radcliffe *et al* (*[page 21](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305349)***)

An observational case series of 49 patients with glaucoma and optic disc haemorrhages in whom structural glaucoma progression is reported before and after the event of a disc haemorrhage without significant difference.

**Sakimoto *et al* (*[page 26](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305039)***)

The meibomian glands were examined in 11 patients with granular corneal dystrophy type 2 using non-invasive meibography, and meibomian gland loss is reported in granular corneal dystrophy type 2.

**Gomi *et al* (*[page 29](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304658)***)

A retrospective observational case series of high penetration optical coherence tomography to study the ultrastructure of 19 eyes with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

**Kekunnaya *et al* (*[page 36](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305166)***)

Myopic strabismus fixus is a rare form of strabismus seen in high myopes. The treatment of choice is loop myopexy of superior and lateral rectus muscles. This article describes the result of a novel technique in which the loop myopexy is performed using silicone band.

**Rojas *et al* (*[page 41](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305263)***)

One validated formula for predicting proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) based on genotypic data and clinical characteristics could be a new tool in our current clinical practice in order to identify those patients at high risk of developing PVR.

**Chamon *et al* (*[page 49](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-304975)***)

Torsional rotation of the eye from seated to supine position has been considered in different ophthalmological treatments. In this study the authors report that non-cyclotorsional components (postural misalignment) plays an important role in total eye rotation.

**Koizumi *et al* (*[page 54](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304625)***)

We proposed diagnostic criteria for cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis and elucidated the clinical manifestations and the current treatment status of it via a large case series obtained from a national survey conducted in Japan.

**Abdulhalim *et al* (*[page 59](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305224)***)

Prospective randomised interventional study of 40 patients comparing a conjunctival flap with amniotic membrane graft in the treatment of non-viral infectious keratitis resistant to medical therapy.

**Owens *et al* (*[page 64](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304017)***)

A cross-sectional analysis of 91393 persons with diabetes at their first visit to a community-based screening service reporting the prevalence of retinopathy and sight-threatening retinopathy to be 56.0% and 11.2% respectively.

**Park *et al* (*[page 69](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305259)***)

The myopic optic disc tilt should be considered when diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma with optical coherence tomography. Macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer measurement provides reliable parameters, regardless of the degree of optic disc tilt.

**Güler *et al* (*[page 75](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305077)***)

Interventional series of 63 patients undergoing macular hole or idiopathic retinal membrane surgery using Brilliant Blue G to stain the internal limiting membrane.

**Hau *et al* (*[page 81](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305218)***)

Observational case series of 126 patients with iris and ciliary body lesions examined with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and B Scan ultrasonography (USB). AS-OCT is reported to be superior to USB in imaging small lesions of the anterior iris, but USB is reported to be better for imaging larger iris lesions with posterior or ciliary body extension.

**Doycheva *et al* (*[page 87](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305535)***)

A retrospective study of 24 patients with birdshot chorioretinitis treated with myophenolate mofetil and mycophenolate sodium reported both to be safe and effective.

**Ogura *et al* (*[page 92](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305076)***)

Double-masked randomised trial of intravitreal aflibercept versus ranibizumab in wet age-related macular degeneration, reporting similar best-corrected visual acuity outcomes at 52 weeks in the two treatment arms.

**Heinzelmann *et al* (*[page 98](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305124)***)

Cystoid macular oedema is a newly-discovered complication following Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty decreasing visual acuity. Its incidence, risk factors and prognosis are reported.

**Hettinga *et al* (*[page 103](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305367)***)

A retrospective study of paediatric uveitis to examine the prevalence of infectionus uveitis. 17% of 345 children with uveitis were found to have an infections cause, most commonly Toxoplasma gondii and varicella-zoster virus.

**Mukhopadhyay *et al* (*[page 108](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304801)***)

Topical application of sera therapy (20% cord blood serum and 20% autologous serum) results in improvement in clinical parameters including conjunctival impression cytology score along with tear protein profile in patients with Hansen's disease and moderate to severe dry eye.

**Warrian *et al* (*[page 113](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305324)***)

A validated error scoring system is more effective when assessing disability during mobility testing than timing. The combined metric of ADREV errors noted divided by time taken was the most discriminative metric of all.

**He *et al* (*[page 119](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305813)***)

A primate study of laser-induced choroidal neovascularisation reporting that spectral domain optical coherence tomography is a better indicator of successful Bruch's membrane disruption than the presence of subretinal bubbles.

**Zhang *et al* (*[page 125](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305690)***)

Animal study of the role and mechanisms by which toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) influences the progression of the inflammatory response in oxygen-induced retinopathy, reporting that both gene and protein expression of TLR3 and NF-κB were significantly elevated.

**Mathews *et al* (*[page 133](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305969)***)

Evaluating the potential neuroprotective effect of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) in experimentally induced non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy using a photochemical method of optic nerve injury: CNTF promotes retinal ganglion cell survival.

**Rootman *et al* (*[page 138](http://bjo.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305761)***)

Key common histologic features found in cavernous lesions of the orbit, liver and skin confirm their nature as venous malformations. Constituent tissue variability likely represents local tissue interactions during lesion evolution.