Table 3

Risk factors associated with treatment outcome: univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis

CovariateUnivariate
HR95% CIp Value
Overall survival
Age (continuous; median 69.47 years) 1.056 1.015 to 1.100 0.008
Sex (dichotomous; female (n=46) vs male (n=55))0.4020.146 to 1.1080.078
 Affected eye (dichotomous; right (n=45) vs left (n=56))0.9640.398 to 2.3310.934
 Diagnosis (dichotomous; choroidal (n=90) vs ciliochoroidal (n=11))1.4650.487 to 4.4100.497
 Gross tumour volume (continuous; median 0.42 cm3) 2.650 1.556 to 4.512 <0.001
 Tumour thickness (continuous; median 5.03 mm)1.1971.072 to 1.336 <0.001
 Largest basal diameter (continuous; median 10.00 mm) 1.185 1.063 to 1.321 0.002
 Affected eye segments (dichotomous; >3 (n=44) vs 3 (n=57) affected segments) 2.846 1.032 to 7.849 0.043
 Juxtapapillary tumour location (dichotomous; no (n=56) vs yes (n=45))0.8190.337 to 1.9880.659
 Time between diagnosis and therapy (continuous; median 35.00 days)0.9910.963 to 1.0200.531
Disease-specific survival
 Age (continuous; median 69.47 years)1.0550.990 to 1.1250.098
 Sex (dichotomous; female (n=46) vs male (n=55))0.7320.175 to 3.0630.669
 Affected eye (dichotomous; right (n=45) vs left (n=56))1.2540.313 to 5.0190.749
 Diagnosis (dichotomous; choroidal (n=90) vs ciliochoroidal (n=11))0.8850.108 to 7.2230.909
 Gross tumour volume (continuous; median 0.42 cm3) 3.152 1.352 to 7.346 0.008
 Tumour thickness (continuous; median 5.03 mm)1.1710.987 to 1.3380.070
 Largest basal diameter (continuous; median 10.00 mm)1.1230.948 to 1.3290.178
 Affected eye segments (dichotomous; >3 (n=44) vs 3 (n=57) affected segments)0.9660.241 to 3.8670.961
 Juxtapapillary tumour location (dichotomous; no (n=56) vs yes (n=45))0.3380.068 to 1.6930.187
 Time between diagnosis and therapy (continuous; median 35.00 days)1.0040.979 to 1.0300.739
Local recurrence-free survival
 Age (continuous; median 69.47 years)1.0100.951 to 1.0730.738
 Sex (dichotomous; female (n=46) vs male (n=55))0.5630.103 to 3.0830.508
 Affected eye (dichotomous; right (n=45) vs left (n=56))0.0180.000 to 13.1280.232
 Diagnosis (dichotomous; choroidal (n=90) vs ciliochoroidal (n=11)) 15.108 2.764 to 82.587 0.002
 Gross tumour volume (continuous; median 0.42 cm3) 5.911 2.161 to 16.163 <0.001
 Tumour thickness (continuous; median 5.03 mm) 1.303 1.061 to 1.600 0.012
 Largest basal diameter (continuous; median 10.00 mm) 1.244 1.020 to 1.518 0.031
 Affected eye segments (dichotomous; >3 (n=44) vs 3 (n=57) affected segments)5.0240.582 to 43.3900.142
 Juxtapapillary tumour location (dichotomous; no (n=56) vs yes (n=45))0.2040.024 to 1.7660.149
 Time between diagnosis and therapy (continuous; median 35.00 days) 1.021 1.007 to 1.036 0.003
Distant metastasis-free survival
 Age (continuous; median 69.47 years)1.0240.978 to 1.0730.308
 Sex (dichotomous; female (n=46) vs male (n=55))0.6120.184 to 2.0330.423
 Affected eye (dichotomous; right (n=45) vs left (n=56))1.1760.379 to 3.6460.779
 Diagnosis (dichotomous; choroidal (n=90) vs ciliochoroidal (n=11))2.3200.627 to 8.5770.207
 Gross tumour volume (continuous; median 0.42 cm3) 3.052 1.505 to 6.191 0.002
 Tumour thickness (continuous; median 5.03 mm) 1.182 1.029 to 1.357 0.018
 Largest basal diameter (continuous; median 10.00 mm)1.1360.993 to 1.2990.063
 Affected eye segments (dichotomous; >3 (n=44) vs 3 (n=57) affected segments)1.7330.521 to 5.7590.370
 Juxtapapillary tumour location (dichotomous; no (n=56) vs yes (n=45))0.3820.103 to 1.4150.150
 Time between diagnosis and therapy (continuous; median 35.00 days)0.9970.970 to 1.0240.825
Enucleation-free survival
 Age (continuous; median 69.47 years)1.0310.968 to 1.0980.338
 Sex (dichotomous; female (n=46) vs male (n=55))0.4010.076 to 2.1070.281
 Affected eye (dichotomous; right (n=45) vs left (n=56))0.0170.000 to 7.3990.188
 Diagnosis (dichotomous; choroidal (n=90) vs ciliochoroidal (n=11)) 7.693 1.550 to 38.193 0.013
 Gross tumour volume (continuous; median 0.42 cm3) 5.763 2.130 to 15.590 0.001
 Tumour thickness (continuous; median 5.03 mm)1.1920.988 to 1.4370.066
 Largest basal diameter (continuous; median 10.00 mm) 1.219 1.017 to 1.461 0.033
 Affected eye segments (dichotomous; >3 (n=44) vs 3 (n=57) affected segments)1.3590.299 to 6.1800.692
 Juxtapapillary tumour location (dichotomous; no (n=56) vs yes (n=45))0.7060.151 to 3.3030.658
 Time between diagnosis and therapy (continuous; median 35.00 days) 1.020 1.007 to 1.034 0.003
  • Bold values are significant (p value <0.05).

  • 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; n, number of patients.